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Descriptive English Linguistics An Introduction

:	Paul Georg Meyer
:	Descriptive English Linguistics An Introduction
:	Narr Francke Attempto
:	9783823374008
:	1
:	CHF 20.80
:

:	Englische Sprachwissenschaft / Literaturwissenschaft
:	German

:	375
:	DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

This introduction to linguistics is especially designed for students of English with a German-speaking background. It concentrates on the traditional core areas of linguistics, without neglecting interdisciplinary and applied branches. For this 4th, revised edition all chapters were updated and supplemented with historical content, and a chapter on the history of the English language was added. New: the comprehensive online-glossary and online-exercises.

Prof. Dr. Paul Georg Meyer ist Inhaber des Lehrstuhls für Anglistische Sprachwissenschaft an der RWTH Aachen.

	Preface to the fourth edition	6
	0 Introduction	7
	0.1 What is linguistics?	7
	0.2 Useful hints for the user	8
	Table of contents	11
	List of boxes	17
	List of tables and figures	18
	1 The core area of linguistics: grammar	22
	1.1 Grammar in general	22
	1.1.1 What kind of thing is grammar?	22
	1.1.2 Subdivisions of grammar and the notion of	32
	1.1.3 General concepts of grammar	36
	1.2 Syntax	54
	1.2.1 Traditional structural categories in the sentence	54
	1.2.2 Generative Grammar: the description of constituent structure	66
	1.2.3 Construction Grammar	81
	1.3 Morphology	94
	1.3.1 Why morphology?	94
	1.3.2 Morphemes	95
	1.3.3 Allomorphs and morphological processes	98
	1.3.4 Inflection vs. derivation	101
	1.3.5 Further strategies of word-formation	103
	1.3.6 Productivity in morphology	112
	1.3.7 Summary	114
	1.4 Language typology and linguistic universals	115
	1.4.1 Parameters of typological comparison	116
	1.4.2 Traditional morphological language typology	117
	2 Phonetics and Phonology	120
	2.0 A brief note on phonetic transcription	120
	2.1 Phonetics	120
	2.1.1 Articulatory phonetics	121
	2.1.2 Acoustic phonetics	137
	2.1.3 Auditory phonetics	140
	2.2 Segmental phonology	141
	2.2.1 Phonetics vs. phonology. The phoneme	141
	2.2.2 Phonemic and phonetic transcription	143
	2.2.3 Phoneme vs. allophone	145
	2.2.4 Neutralisation	153
	2.2.5 Morphophonology	154
	2.3 Suprasegmental phonology	156
	2.3.1 Phonotactics	156
	2.3.2 Syllables	157
	2.3.3 Word stress	159
	2.3.4 Intonation	161
	2.4 The phonetics and phonology of connected speech	169
	2.4.1 Weak forms	169
	2.4.2 Assimilation	172
	2.4.3 Linking /r/ and intrusive /r/	173
	2.5 Writing	174
	2.5.1 Graphemics and spelling	174
	2.5.2 English spelling	176
	2.5.3 Non-alphabetic writing systems	178
	3 The history of English	179
	3.1 External history	179
	3.1.1 The onset: the formation of Old English	180
	3.1.2 The transformation: Middle English	182
	3.1.3 The eve of modernity: Early Modern English	183
	3.1.4 Becoming global: Late Modern English	184
	3.1.5 New communicative modes: Present-Day English	185
	3.2 Internal history and types of language change	186
	3.2.1 Sound change	187
	3.2.2 Morphological change	199
	3.2.3 Syntactic change	206
	3.2.4 Semantic change	215
	3.2.5 Lexical change	218
	3.3 Why do languages change?	227
	4 Semantics	230
	4.0 What is semantics?	230
	4.1 General key concepts of semantics	231
	4.1.1 Reference vs. sense and related dichotomies	231
	4.1.2 Ambiguity, homonymy and polysemy	metonymy and meta-phor
	“I’m sorry, the professor is tied up at the moment. Can	235
	you ring again a little later?”	235
	4.2 Structural semantics: semantic fields, sense relations and componential analysis	237
	4.2.1 Semantic fields	238
	4.2.2 Sense relations	241
	4.2.3 Componential analysis: the semantic feature approach	245
	4.3 Cognitive semantics	246
	4.3.1 Central tenets of cognitive semantics	246
	4.3.2 Prototypes. Metaphors	249
	4.3.3 Frames	251
	4.4 Formal semantics	254
	4.4.1 Truth values and truth conditions	254
	4.4.2 Logical connectives	255
	4.4.3 Logical relations between propositions	258
	4.4.4 Logical properties of propositions	262
	4.4.5 Predicate logic	263
	5 Pragmatics: the context of language use	266
	5.0 What is pragmatics?	266
	5.1 Illocution	268
	5.2 Conversational maxims	272
	5.2.1 Speakers’ maxims: GRICE	272
	5.2.2 Hearers’ heuristics: LEVINSON	274
	5.3 Relevance theory	276
	5.4 Pragmatic inferencing and language change	277
	5.5 The notion of context	279
	6 Textlinguistics. Conversation analysis. Discourse analysis	282
	6.1 Textlinguistic approaches to text analysis	282
	6.1.1 Grammar beyond the sentence: cohesion phenomena	283
	6.1.2 Cohesion as text constitution