Napoleon's life reached its most extraordinary stage, between 1805 and 1810. In 1805, Napoleon was suddenly at war with Britain, Russia, and Austria. He mobilised all his power to confront them, unleashing his magnificent Grande Armée. Its first, resounding victory at Austerlitz was followed by a whirlwind of campaigns, bringing Napoleon and his men to the borders of Russia. These stunning triumphs made Napoleon the master of the continent, but they left Britain unbowed. In the years that followed, this struggle with Britain came to dominate Napoleon's actions, leading him into the bloodbath of the Spanish Peninsular war, and his attempt to blockade Europe against British commerce. In 1809, Austria launched yet another assault on him. By 1810, Napoleon had routed them, and divorced Josephine in order to marry the daughter of the Austrian Emperor. But at a time of such victory, his own family was torn asunder in the struggle for survival.
Michael Broers is Professor of Western European History at Oxford University. He is the author of, among other books about revolutionary and Napoleonic Europe, The Napoleonic Empire in Italy, 1796-1814, winner of the Grand Prix Napoléon prize, 2006; Napoleon's Other War: Bandits, Rebels and their Pursuers in the Age of Revolutions; and Napoleon, Volume 1, Soldier of Destiny. |
