| Cover | 1 |
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| Imprint | 4 |
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| Contents | 5 |
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| Time to Contextualise RE from the Perspective of ‘Time’ (Cok Bakker and Ina ter Avest) | 7 |
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| Introduction | 7 |
| Time: The Time We Live in | 9 |
| Time – Four Perspectives on Time | 12 |
| 1. Time as Chronos | 13 |
| 2. Time as Kairos | 15 |
| 3. The Temporal Dimension of Hope | 17 |
| 4. The Temporal Dimension of Tradition | 19 |
| 5. The Structure of the Book | 21 |
| References | 25 |
| 1 Religious Education in Transition (Peter Schreiner) | 29 |
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| Abstract | 29 |
| 1. Introduction | 29 |
| 2. Religious Education between Marginalisation and a Sustainable Perspective | 30 |
| 3. RE in Transition: Examples from Different Contexts | 31 |
| 3.1 Germany: A Position Paper toward a Sustainable Religious Education | 32 |
| 3.2 England: A National Plan for RE and ‘Big Ideas’ | 35 |
| Summary | 44 |
| References | 44 |
| 2 Religious Education Research – Does It Prepare Us for the Future? (Geir Skeie) | 47 |
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| Abstract | 47 |
| 1. Introduction – what is Future? | 47 |
| 2. What is Research? | 50 |
| 3. What is RE Research and what Should it Be? | 52 |
| 4. What is the Future of Religious Education as an Interdisciplinary Field of Research? | 57 |
| 5. Religious Education Research Constructed as a Field of Research | 59 |
| 6. Concluding Remarks | 65 |
| References | 66 |
| 3 The Impact of Time on Religious Practice and Belief in the Experiences and Perceptions of Young People from the United Kingdom (Julia Ipgrave) | 73 |
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| Abstract | 73 |
| 1. Narratives of Decline and Transformation | 73 |
| 2. Young People’s Perspectives | 78 |
| 2.1 Cohort Effect | 79 |
| 2.2 Period Effect | 85 |
| 2.3 Age Effect | 89 |
| 3. Conclusion: Transmission, Memory and Heritage | 96 |
| References | 98 |
| 4 Religion in Fifty Years: Predictions and Dreams of Young People (Olga Schihalejev) | 101 |
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| Abstract | 101 |
| 1. Introduction | 101 |
| 1.1 Religion in Estonia | 101 |
| 1.2 Method of Data Collection and Rationale for Choosing It | 102 |
| 1.3 Sample | 103 |
| 1.4 Data Analysis Method | 104 |
| 2. Discourses about Religion | 105 |
| 2.1 Generic Prognoses for Religion | 105 |
| 2.2 Discourse of Religion as Rigid Conservatism | 106 |
| 2.3 Discourse of Religion as a Gap in Knowledge | 107 |
| 2.4 Discourse of Estonians as being Naturally Non-Religious | 108 |
| 2.5 Discourse of Religion in the Midst of Growing Tolerance | 109 |
| 2.6 Religion as Individual Enterprise | 110 |
| 3. Summary and Conclusion | 111 |
| References | 113 |
| 5 Future Orientation and Hope in Relation to Values: Implications for Adolescents’ Religious Meaning-Making (Carsten Gennerich) | 115 |
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| Abstract | 115 |
| 1. Introduction | 115 |
| 2. Theoretical Background | 116 |
| 2.1 Adolescents’ Future Orientation | 116 |
| 2.2 The Concept of Hope | 117 |
| 2.3 The Concept of Values | 119 |
| 3. Method | 120 |
| 4. Results | 122 |
| 5. Discussion | 127 |
| References | 129 |
| 6 Life Orientation: A Reflective Interruption in Professionalisation (Edwin van der Zande) | 133 |
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| Abstract | 133 |
| 1. Introduction | 133 |
| 2. Life Orientation: A Processual Concept | 134 |
| 3. Education in Life Orientation: A Pedagogical Interruption | 136 |
| 4. Relating Past, Present, and Future in a Narrative Approach | 138 |
| 5. The Meaning of Life: How Far Away is the Future? | 140 |
| 6. Conclusions | 143 |
| References | 144 |
| 7 Surprising Encounters. Primary School Pupils Co-Create Meaning and Sense in Dialogue with Biblical Source Narratives (Bas van den Berg) | 145 |
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| Abstract | 145 |
| 1. Introduction | 145 |
| 2. Conceptual Framework | 148 |
| 3. The Cultural Source Narrative of Joseph and His Brothers | 150 |
| 4. Covenantal Time in the Narrative of Joseph and His Brothers | 151 |
| 5. Dialogical Responsiveness of Pupils | 152 |
| 6. The Organisation of an Interactive, Co-Creative and Reflective Learning Space | 154 |
| 7. The Responses of Pupils to an episode about ‘Dreams’ and ‘Reconciliation’ in the Joseph Saga | 155 |
| 8. Insights Acquired by the Pupils in Their Encounter with the Joseph Saga | 158 |
| 8.1 Surprising Encounters | 158 |
| 8.2 Surprising Encounters in the Field of Tension Between Time and Narrative | 159 |
| 8.3 ‘Telling the Time’: The Pupil Perspective | 160 |
| 8.4 ‘Telling the Time’: The Teacher Perspective | 161 |
| References | 162 |
| 8 Recollection, Transition, Interruption: The Temporal Impact of Religious Celebrations in the Public School System (Silke Leonhard) | 165 |
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| Abstract | 165 |
| 1. Introduction: Context and Concepts | 165 |
| 2. Time and School | 166 |
| 2.1 Transition – Dealing with Linear Time | 166 |
| 2.2 Recollection and Renewal – Cyclical Time and Transmission of Cultural Memory | 167 |
| 2.3 Interruption: Disruptions and Irruptions | 167 |
| 2.4 Interruption: Response to Events in Life of School, Community, Nation etc. | 168 |
| 3. Time and Religion | 169 |
| 3.1 Recollection (Cyclical Time) | 169 |
| 3.2 Transition (Linear Time) | 169 |
| 3.3 Interruption (Irruptive Time) | 170 |
| 4. School Worship as Transition, Recollection and Interruption | 171 |
| 4.1 Religious Ceremonies and Services at German Schools. Background and Current Practice in Relation to Transition, Recollection and Interruption | 171 |
| 4.2 Three Examples that Show Religion in School | 173 |
| 4.2.1 Transition – Celebrating First Day and Graduation at School: Linear Rites of Passage of the Start and End of the School Year | 173 |
| 4.2.2 Recollection – Christmas Celebration at School: Cyclical Revisiting a Traditional Religious Element of the Cultural Memory | 174 |
| 4.2.3 I(nte)rruption – Memorial Ceremony at School: “Intermediate Care” after Irruptive Passionate Involvements | 176 |
| 4.3 Chart of School Worship with Reference to Three Concepts | 177 |
| 5. School Religious Worship and Kairos: Facing Unpredictability | 178 |
| References | 179 |
| 9 Vulnerability as a Quality in the Classroom and Research in Religious Education (Caroline Gustavsson) | 183 |
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| 1. Introduction | 183 |
| 1.1 Aim | 184 |
| 2. Vulnerability as a Concept | 184 |
| 3. Two more Empirical Examples | 186 |
| 3.1 … as a Teacher | 187 |
| 3.2 …as a Researcher | 188 |
| 4. Analysis in Terms of Vulnerability | 188 |