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Control of Violence Historical and International Perspectives on Violence in Modern Societies

:	Wilhelm Heitmeyer, Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, Stefan Malthaner, Andrea Kirschner
:	Wilhelm Heitmeyer, Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, Stefan Malthaner, Andrea Kirschner
:	Control of Violence Historical and International Perspectives on Violence in Modern Societies
:	Springer-Verlag
:	9781441903839
:	1
:	CHF 135.60
:

:	Strafrecht, Strafprozessrecht, Kriminologie
:	English

:	622
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

The Control of Violence in Modern Society, starts from the hypothesis that in modern society we will face an increasing loss of control over certain phenomena of violence. This leads to unpredictable escalations and violence can no longer be contained adequately by the relevant control regimes, such as police, state surveillance institutions, national repression apparatuses and international law. However, before investigating this hypothesis from an internationally and historically comparative perspective, the terms and 'tools' for this undertaking have to be rendered more precisely. Since both 'control' and 'violence' are all but clear-cut terms but rather highly debatable and contested concepts that may take multiple connotations. The main question is whether an increase in certain forms of violence can be explained by the failure or, in turn, 'overeffectiveness' of certain control mechanisms. It is asked, for instance, which contribution religion can make to limit violence and, in turn, which destructive potential religion might have in its fundamentalist form. Moreover, the concept of individual self-control as well as social institutions and strategies of collective disengagement and de-radicalization are investigated with regard to their potential for controlling violence.

The Control of Violence in Modern Society concludes with a re-examination of the hypothesis of a loss of control by specifying in what cases and under which circumstances we can speak of a loss of control over violence.

Wilhelm Heitmeyer (Dr. phil.) is Professor of Socialization and Director of the Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence at Bielefeld University. His research interests concentrate on violence, social disintegration, right-wing extremism, and ethnic-cultural conflicts. His publications includeInternational Handbook of Violence Research (co-edited with John Hagan);Rechtsextremistisc e Orientierungen bei Jugendlichen [Right-Wing Extremism Among Young People] (1987);Gewalt [Violence] (1995);Bedrohte Stadtgesellschaften [Urban Societies Under Threat] (co-edited with Reimund Anhut) (2000). He is Editor-in Chief of theInternational Journal of Conflict and Violence (with D. Massey et al.). He is organizer of the international research group 'Control of Violence' at the Center for Interdisciplinary Research (ZiF), Bielefeld University (with Heinz Gerhard-Haupt/ Bielefeld, Florence). Heinz-Gerhard Haupt (Dr. phil.) is Professor of Social History at Bielefeld University and Head of the department of history and civilization at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy. His work focuses on social History and political History of Modern Europe, Methodology of Comparative History. His current research projects encompass History of Political Violence in 19th and 20th Century Europe, History of Consumption in 19th and 20th Century Europe, History of Social Movements and Classes: The First of May in Europe after 1945, Comparative History of European Nationalism: Nation and Religion in 19th and 20th Century. Recent publications includeNeue Politikgeschichte [New political history](with Ute Frevert, eds.) (2005);Exklusion und Partizipation [Exclusion and particpiation] (with C. Gusy, Eds.);Terrorismus in der Bundesrepublik:Medie , Staat und Subkulturen in den 1970er Jahren [Terrorism in the Federal Republic of Germany: Media, state, and subcultures] (with K. Weinhauer and J. Requate, Eds.) (2006). He is organizer of the international research group 'Control of Violence' at the Center for Interdisciplinary Research (ZiF), Bielefeld University (with Wilhelm Heitmeyer/ Bielefeld).

	Preface	5
	Contents	7
	Contributors	10
	About the Editors	13
	Part I Introduction	15
	Control of Violence---An Analytical Framework	16
	1 The Social Order and the Problem of Controlling Violence	16
	2 Violence and Its Ambivalence	18
	3 Toward an Understanding of Control	19
	3.1 Etymological Origins	19
	3.2 Sociological and Historical Perspectives on Control	20
	3.2.1 Control as State Repression or Social Self-Regulation: Classical Models of the Social Order (Hobbes, Scottish Enlightenment)	20
	3.2.2 Power and Rule, Punishment and Discipline: Control of Violence in Modern Societies (Weber, Elias, Foucault)	22
	3.2.3 Control, Deviance, and Violence: The Concept of Social Control	25
	3.3 The Paradigm of Control: Fields of Action, Forms, and Mechanisms of Control	28
	3.3.1 Two Dimensions of Control	29
	3.3.2 The Field of Action of Control	29
	3.3.3 Forms and Styles of Control	32
	3.3.4 Strategies and Mechanisms of Control	33
	4 Relationships of Control and Violence and the Ambivalence of Violence Control	34
	4.1 Losses of Control as Prerequisites for the Genesis of Violence	34
	4.2 Dilemmas of Control: Control Measures as Triggers or Escalators of Violence	35
	4.3 Violence as the Cause of Loss of Control	36
	4.4 The Ambivalence of Violence Control	37
	5 Shifts in Perception Patterns and the Social Conditions of Violence Control	38
	6 Empirical Fields of the Relationship Between Violence and Control	41
	6.1 School Shootings	41
	6.2 Terrorism	42
	6.3 Violence in States in Crisis	44
	7 Structure of the Book	45
	7.1 Topics and Objectives of This Volume	45
	7.2 Mechanisms and Strategies of Violence Control	46
	7.3 The Micro-level: School Shootings	48
	7.4 The Meso-level: Terrorism	49
	7.5 The Macro-level: Violence in States in Crisis	51
	References	53
	Part II Mechanisms and Strategies of Violence Control	58
	An End to Violence	59
	1 The Subject and Violence	59
	1.1 Objectivity and Subjectivity	59
	1.2 Classical Approaches	60
	1.3 The Subject of Violence	61
	2 Violence and Globalization	63
	2.1 The End of the Cold War	63
	2.2 The End of the Industrial Age	65
	3 An End to Violence: The Victims Perspective	67
	3.1 Three Registers	67
	3.2 Dealing with Threefold Destruction	69
	3.3 Acknowledgment in a ''Global'' World	71
	4 Dealing with the Violent Player: Subject Policies?	72
	References	75
	Cross-National Homicide Trends in the Latter Decades of the Twentieth Century: Losses and Gains in Institutional Control?	76
	1 Introduction	76
	2 Data Sources, Variables, and Measures	78
	3 Describing Systematic Trends in Homicide	81
	3.1 The Technique of Spline Regression Modeling	81
	3.2 Results: Cross-National Patterns in Homicide Trends	87
	4 Dynamic Modeling of Homicide Rates	90
	4.1 The ''Family Legitimacy'' Thesis	90
	4.2 Statistical Procedures	91
	4.3 Results	93
	5 Summary and Conclusions	95
	6 Appendix: Nations Included in the Sample	98
	References	98
	Self-Control and the Management	98