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Insect Conservation and Urban Environments

:	Tim R. New
:	Insect Conservation and Urban Environments
:	Springer-Verlag
:	9783319212241
:	1
:	CHF 126.40
:

:	Ökologie
:	English

:	252
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

Includes chapters on assessing changes among assemblages and in individual species, the variety of general threats (notably habitat changes and impacts of alien species) and more particularly urban threats. The first global overview and synthesis of the impacts of urbanisation on insects and their relatives and the needs and theoretical and practical background to conserving them in urban environments. Insect dependence on open spaces in built-up areas suggests a wide range of management options for conservation, from individual site (including novel habitats such as green roofs) to landscape-level connectivity. These measures, all discussed with specific examples, involve all sectors of humanity, from government agencies to individual householders and 'citizen scientist' groups. Each chapter includes pertinent and recent.

	Preface	6
	References	9
	Acknowledgements	10
	Contents	12
	Chapter 1: Urban Environments and Insect Wellbeing	15
	1.1 Introduction: Urban Environments	15
	1.2 Urban Transformations	18
	1.3 Concerns for Conservation	23
	1.4 Urban Insect Conservation	30
	References	31
	Chapter 2: Insects in Urban Environments	34
	2.1 Introduction: The Variety of Concerns	34
	2.2 Scales and Intensity of Change	38
	2.3 Ecological Traps	42
	References	44
	Chapter 3: Insects Along Urban-Rural Gradients	45
	3.1 Introduction: Values of Gradient Studies	45
	3.2 Interpreting Changes	49
	3.3 Focal Insect Groups for Study	51
	3.3.1 Carabid Beetles	51
	3.3.2 Other Beetles	54
	3.3.3 Plants and Pollinators	56
	3.3.4 Lepidoptera	58
	3.3.5 Hymenoptera	62
	3.4 Generality and Predictive Traits	69
	3.5 Urban Successions	71
	References	73
	Chapter 4: Impacts on Insect Communities and Species	77
	4.1 Introduction: Characterising Urban Insect Communities and Species	77
	4.2 Impacts of Change	79
	4.3 Species Losses	82
	4.4 Extinction Debt	88
	4.5 Species Contexts	91
	4.6 Sanitation and Resources	95
	References	96
	Chapter 5: Alien Species in Urban Environments	99
	5.1 Introduction: The Variety of Alien Species	99
	5.2 Alien Plants	100
	5.3 Alien Insects	107
	References	111
	Chapter 6: Urban Insect Pest Management: Implications for Insect Conservation	114
	6.1 Introduction: A Key Theme in Urban Entomology	114
	6.2 Concerns Over Insects	115
	6.3 Control of Urban Insect ‘Pests’	117
	6.4 Expanding Perspective of Management	124
	References	128
	Chapter 7: Selected Urban Threats to Insects	131
	7.1 Introduction: Conservation Implications of Some Urban Developments	131
	7.2 The Heat Island Effect	131
	7.3 Artificial Lighting	134
	7.4 Traffic	135
	7.5 Bird or Bat Predation	139
	References	139
	Chapter 8: Countering Insect Habitat Losses and Change in Urban Areas	142
	8.1 Introduction: Urban Open Spaces	142
	8.2 Reconciliation Ecology	150
	8.3 Urban Agriculture	152
	8.4 Brownfield Sites	154
	8.5 Aquatic Ecosystems	157
	8.5.1 Ponds	160
	8.5.2 Storm Water Management	162
	References	168
	Chapter 9: Providing Habitats for Urban Insects	171
	9.1 Introduction: Indicating the Range of Possibilities	171
	9.2 Urban Parks	176
	9.3 Community Gardens	181
	9.4 Urban Forests	182
	9.5 Urban Meadows	187
	9.6 Domestic Gardens	187
	9.7 Lawns	190
	9.8 Golf Courses	192
	9.9 Novel Habitats: Green Roofs and Green Walls	194
	9.10 Periurban Fringes	200
	References	206
	Chapter 10: Landscape Connectivity for Urban Insects	211
	10.1 Introduction: Countering Habitat Fragmentation in Urban Landscapes	211
	10.2 Corridors and Nodes	213
	10.3 Translocations	218
	References	220
	Chapter 11: Awareness and Priorities for the Future	221
	11.1 Introduction: Establishing Perspective and Defining Needs	221
	11.2 Citizen Science for Urban Insects	236
	11.3 Prospects	241
	References	244
	Index	247