: Stefan B. Kirmse
: One Law for All? Western models and local practices in (post-) imperial contexts
: Campus Verlag
: 9783593412320
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: Allgemeines, Lexika
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Im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert traten weltweit Gesetzgeber mit der Absicht auf, lokale Rechtsordnungen nach westlichem Muster umzubilden. Aber welche Modelle sollten als Vorbilder dienen, da doch die rechtliche Realität bereits in Westeuropa uneinheitlich war? Zudem wurde das importierte Recht vor Ort unterschiedlich aufgenommen, umformuliert und interpretiert. Der Band untersucht das Spannungsfeld zwischen den universellen Ansprüchen verschiedener imperialer und post-imperialer Gesetzgeber und der lokalen Umsetzung und Anwendung neuer Rechtsformen, von Lateinamerika und Afrika über Russland bis nach Ostasien.
Introduction

Stefan B. Kirmse

To avoid potential misunderstandings: 'one law for all?' is not used as a political slogan in this book. Admittedly, along with related concepts in other languages, such as idem ius omnibus or gleiches Recht für alle, the phrase has been used to further a wide range of political agendas. Feminist, civil liberties and gay rights groups have utilized the slogan to call for greater equality; racist groups in North America have exploited it as a means to denounce the allegedly preferential treatment of minorities; and most recently, a secularist movement in the United Kingdom has adopted it as the title for its campaign against shari'a law, which it views as gaining influence among British Muslims.

In this book, the phrase is neither employed to advocate a political cause nor used to refer solely to legal equality (or the lack of it). Offering a point of entry into the study of legal debate and practice in imperial and post-imperial contexts, it served as a guiding research question for a conference hosted by the Department of East European History (which explains the strong representation of historians of Russia in this volume) at Humboldt University in the fall of 2010. It struck the organizers of the conference, on which this volume is based, as a useful to

Contents6
Acknowledgements8
Introduction – Stefan B. Kirmse10
Discussing Legal Reform38
A Step for the “Whole Civilized World”? The Debate over the Death Penalty in Russia, 1905–1917 – Benjamin Beuerle40
A New Legal Order under Discussion: Legal Reform and the Loya Jirga in Afghanistan in the 1920s – Benjamin Buchholz68
Agents of Knowledge Transfer: Western Debates and Psychiatric Experts in Late Imperial Russia – Lena Gautam94
Gatekeepers to the Legal System: The Role of Legal Intermediaries118
Tinterillos, Indians, and the State: Towards a History of Legal Intermediaries in Post-Independence Peru – Carlos Aguirre120
The Ties that Bind: Sovereignty and Law in the Late Russian Empire – Jane Burbank154
When People Go to Court182
Law and Courts as Negotiating Tools: Marriage and Divorce in Republican China, 1912–1949 – Xiaoqun Xu184
Dealing with Crime in Late Tsarist Russia: Muslim Tatars and the Imperial Legal System – Stefan B. Kirmse210
Entanglements and Interactions within a Plural Legal Order: The Case of the German Colony Cameroon, 1884–1916 – Ulrike Schaper244
De jure and de facto: The Penal Code of 1871 and Juridical Culture in Mexico City – Manuel de los Reyes García Márkina266
Notes on Contributors288
Index of Names and Places292