A Good Example of Peaceful Coexistence? The Soviet Union, Austria, and Neutrality, 1955-191
:
Wolfgang Müller
:
A Good Example of Peaceful Coexistence? The Soviet Union, Austria, and Neutrality, 1955-191
:
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Verlag
:
9783700170563
:
1
:
CHF 24.40
:
:
Zeitgeschichte (1945 bis 1989)
:
English
:
381
:
Wasserzeichen/DRM
:
PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:
PDF
This monograph, based on newly declassified sources from Western and Russian archives as well as on communist texts about international law and neutrality, is the first English-language account of Soviet policy towards neutral yet capitalist Austria during the Cold War. In order to make neutrality a model for the West, the Kremlin presented the unique Soviet-Austrian relationship as 'a good example of peaceful coexistence' and a showcase for the benefits a Western state might reap by declaring neutrality. This honor, however, had strings attached: The communist doctrine of neutrality contained obligations that were expected to make it possible to exploit neutral states as instruments of Soviet policy and bring them nearer the socialist bloc. While Austrian leaders were careful to avoid these pitfalls, Soviet interventions in Hungary and Czechoslovakia in 1956 and 1968 and interference into Austria´s interpretation of neutral policy could not but deeply affect Austrian policy and the Soviet-Austrian honeymoon.
Contents
6
List of Tables
9
Acknowledgements
10
Introduction
14
I. LAYING THE GROUNDWORK AND CHANGING NEUTRALITY, 1955–1960
40
1. Two Differing Concepts of Neutrality
42
2. The Post-State Treaty Honeymoon
78
3. …and Its Sudden End
90
4. Starting Anew: After the Hungarian Revolution
104
5. Summary: Soviet “Thaw” and the Making of a Neutral
128
II. OVERCAST, BUT FRIENDLY? 1961–1972
134
6. The USSR, Austria’s Rapprochement with the EEC, and the Convocation of the CSCE
136
7. The Czechoslovakian Crisis of 1968 and Austria’s Military Vulnerability
176
8. Making Economic and Cultural Relations Mutual
188
9. Summary: Soviet Containment and Encouragement
Austria’s Ostpolitik and Further “Neutralization”
III. DÉTENTE, THE HEYDAY OF MULTILATERALISM, AND THE LAST PEAK OF THE COLD WAR, 1973–1984
202
10. Political Relations and the Rise of Multilateralism
204
11. A Thorn in the Side: Personal and Cultural Contacts
226
12. Booming, but not Enough: Economic Relations
236
13. The Final Peak of the Cold War
246
14. Summary: Declining Soviet Interest in Neutrality despite Austria’s Efforts
254
IV. THE AFTERMATH, 1985–1991
260
15. The End of the Cold War, European Integration, and the Obsolescence of the Special Relationship
262
Conclusions
276
Documents
288
Soviet Ambassadors to Austria, Austrian Ambassadors to the USSR
340
Abbreviations
342
Bibliography
344
Index
378
