: Gero Kunter
: Compound Stress in English The Phonetics and Phonology of Prosodic Prominence
: Walter de Gruyter GmbH& Co.KG
: 9783110254709
: Linguistische ArbeitenISSN
: 1
: CHF 168.30
:
: Englische Sprachwissenschaft / Literaturwissenschaft
: English
: 237
: Wasserzeichen/DRM
: PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
: PDF
< >While it has long been noted that the first element of most, but not of all English nominal compounds is perceptually most prominent (e.g. TABLE cloth vs. paper CUP), a principled empirical investigation of the acoustics, perception, and the phonological distribution of these two prominence patterns has been missing. Using a corpus of spoken language, the current volume presents the first thorough and detailed investigation of these areas, while also introducing several methodological and statistical innovations to the field.



< >Gero Kunter, University ofSiegen, Germany.

Contents6
Acknowledgements12
1 Introduction14
2 Compounds, stress and prominence: concepts and issues18
2.1 What is a compound?18
2.2 Prominence patterns in compounds21
2.3 Prominence in the autosegmental-metrical framework24
3 The corpus29
4 Perception of compound prominence patterns33
4.1 Introduction33
4.2 Pretest36
4.3 Method38
4.3.1 Participants38
4.3.2 Stimuli39
4.3.3 Procedure39
4.4 Results41
4.4.1 Overall results42
4.4.2 Intrarater reliability44
4.4.3 Perception ratings by items53
4.4.4 Summary of results61
4.5 Discussion61
5 Acoustic correlates of compound prominence70
5.1 Previous research72
5.1.1 Pitch and fundamental frequency73
5.1.2 Loudness, intensity and spectral balance77
5.1.3 Duration80
5.1.4 Non-modal phonation82
5.1.5 Summary and research questions83
5.2 Material and measurements85
5.2.1 Pitch measurements87
5.2.2 Duration91
5.2.3 Intensity91
5.2.4 Spectral balance92
5.2.5 Non-modal phonation92
5.3 Procedure95
5.4 Results98
5.5 Discussion106
6 Classification and prediction of compound prominence patterns113
6.1 Data114
6.1.1 Automatic measurement procedure and evaluation115
6.1.2 Vowel-intrinsic properties118
6.1.3 Summary of acoustic measurements120
6.2 Prediction of median prominence ratings121
6.2.1 Predictors in the regression analysis121
6.2.2 Regression analysis125
6.2.3 Predictions for the Boston corpus134
6.3 Classification of the Boston corpus138
6.3.1 Training set140
6.3.2 Model application and evaluation143
7 What determines compound prominence patterns?146
7.1 Methodology147
7.2 Hypothesis testing with unbalanced data150
7.3 The structural hypothesis152
7.4 The semantic hypothesis164
7.5 Structural and semantic hypotheses combined171
7.6 Analogical effects174
7.7 General discussion182
8 Within- and across-speaker variation187
8.1 Methodology189
8.2 Within-speaker variability193
8.2.1 Data193
8.2.2 Results194
8.2.3 Discussion198
8.3 Across-speaker variability201
8.3.1 Data204
8.3.2 Results205
8.3.3 Discussion210
8.4 General discussion213
9 Conclusion215
A Introduction to linear regression and mixed-effects models220
B NOUN + NOUN compounds used in the variability study223
References226