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European Retail Research 2010 I Volume 24 Issue I

:	Peter Schnedlitz, Dirk Morschett, Thomas Rudolph, Hanna Schramm-Klein, Bernhard Swoboda
:	Peter Schnedlitz, Dirk Morschett, Thomas Rudolph, Hanna Schramm-Klein, Bernhard Swoboda
:	European Retail Research 2010 I Volume 24 Issue I
:	Gabler Verlag
:	9783834989383
:	1
:	CHF 47.90
:

:	Einzelne Wirtschaftszweige, Branchen
:	English

:	222
:	Wasserzeichen
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

The aim of EUROPEAN RETAIL RESEARCH is to publish interesting manuscripts of high quality and innovativeness with a focus on retail researchers, retail lecturers, retail students and retail executives. As it has always been, retail executives are part of the target group and the knowledge transfer between retail research and retail management remains a part of the publication's concept.

Prof. Dr. Peter Schnedlitz, Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration, Austria

Retailing in the United Kingdom - a Synopsis (S. 173-174)

Steve Burt, Leigh Sparks and Christoph Teller

Abstract
This paper illustrates the structure of, and trends in, the retail market of the United Kingdom (UK). This industry analysis describes the retail environment compared to continental Europe and considers the regulatory issues which have helped form this retail environment. By using secondary data we describe concentration and consolidation tendencies and explain specific features of the UK retail market. Major trends are identified and discussed, concluding with an outlook on future developments.

1. Introduction

1.1. Retailing in the United Kingdom and Europe

In a number of ways retailing in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [in the following United Kingdom (UK)] appears to operate differently from the general pattern in continental Europe. Some may see this as yet another example of UK’s unwillingness to embrace the European Union, but as with all retailing, the sector merely reflects the context within which it operates and the norms of behaviour that have developed in the domestic market. In this brief paper we highlight the distinctive features of the UK’s retail market and illustrate how these have shaped the nature of competition in the sector.

Any attempt to understand the UK retail scene should start by recognising the distinctive features of this market (Mintel 2010). The United Kingdom is a compact island market of more than 60 m people living in circa 25 m households and with the third highest density of population in Europe after Belgium and the Netherlands. It is the sixth largest economy (Gross domestic product 1,808 bn EUR) worldwide and third largest in Europe after Germany and France. The total consumer expenditures are the second highest in Europe (1,096 bn EUR) after Germany (1,367 EUR) and 7th highest per capita in Europe (17,851 EUR in 2008).

The UK is ranked 4th in terms of total retail sales (318 bn EUR) and 12th in terms of retail sales per capita (5,184 EUR). Urban centres are relatively close together and although decentralisation of large retail stores to the urban periphery has occurred, planning policy has attempted to maintain a strong retail presence in the urban core of most major towns and cities (BCSC 2006; Guy 2007). As occupants of mainland Europe know all too well, Britain can perhaps best be described as“in Europe, but not European”! General attitudes towards the European Union amongst the majority of the population can be described as ambivalent, as illustrated in the strong desire to retain the national currency.

Despite this somewhat ethnocentric view, the UK market is an open economy, and a large number of non-national retailers operate in the market. At the same time, UK retailers are increasing their presence outside the domestic market.

	Preface of the Editors	6
	Contents	8
	Interactive Web 2.0 Applications in the Multi-Channel Marketing for Retailers	9
	1. Introduction	10
	2. Theoretical Background of Multi-Channel Retailing	11
	3. Foundations ofWeb 2.0	13
	4. Web 2.0 in Multi-Channel Retailing	17
	4.1. Strategic Potentials	17
	4.1.1. Market Research	17
	4.1.2. Communication	18
	4.1.3. Harmonization and Integration of Marketing Channels	19
	4.1.4. Internal Communication and Knowledge Management	20
	4.1.5. Acquisition of New Target Groups and Customer Retention Management	21
	4.2. Operational Potentials	22
	4.2.1. Merchandise	22
	4.2.2. Pricing	23
	4.2.3. Communication	24
	5. Conclusion and Implications	25
	References	28
	How to Maintain a Process Perspective on Retail Internationalization:The IKEA Case	34
	1. Introduction	35
	2. Retail Internationalization	36
	2.1. Retail Internationalization – a Different Context?	37
	2.2. Knowledge and Learning in the Retail Internationalization Process Literature	39
	3. Knowledge Sharing Across National Borders	41
	3.1. Organizational Routines for Knowledge Sharing	42
	4. Method	43
	5. IKEA’s International Expansion	44
	5.1. The International Expansion of IKEA	45
	5.2. The IKEA Organization	47
	5.3. Routines for Knowledge Sharing within IKEA	50
	6. Concluding Discussion	51
	References	53
	Trade Credit Periods in Retail Commerce for Products of Mass Consumption: An Application to Spanish Legislation	57
	1. Introduction and Objectives	58
	2. Literature Review	59
	3. Methodology: Database and Variables	62
	4. Results	66
	4.1. Evolution of Trade Credit Periods in Retailers	67
	4.2. Evolution in Trade Credit Periods in Manufacturers of Food Products	68
	4.3. Explanatory Model of Trade Credit Periods for Retailers	71
	4.5. Managerial Implications	72
	6. Conclusions, Limitations and Future Lines of Research	73
	References	75
	Customer Satisfaction with Loyalty Card Programs in the Austrian Clothing Retail Sector - an Empirical Study of Performance Attributes Using Kano’s Theory	77
	1. Introduction	78
	2. Theoretical Background	79
	3. Research Hypotheses	83
	4. Empirical Study and Methodology	86
	4.1. Kano Questionnaire	86
	4.2. Field Study	89
	4.3. Results	90
	5. Discussion and Implications	95
	References	97
	Clustering Customer Contact Sequences - Results of a Customer Survey in Retailing	102
	1. Introduction	103
	2. Literature Review and Conceptual Background	103
	2.1. Customer Contact Points and Customer Contacts in Retail	103
	2.2. Functions and Importance of Customer Contacts	104
	2.3. Customer Segmentation	106
	2.4. Customer Contact Sequences	107
	3. Empirical Study: Customer Segmentation Based upon Customer Contact Sequences	107
	3.1. Measures	107
	3.2. Procedure	108
	4. Results: Customer Contacts, Contact Sequences and Sequence Clusters	109
	4.1. Customer Contacts	109
	4.2. Contact Sequences	111
	4.3. Sequence Alignment and Sequence Clustering	111
	4.3.1. Description of the Identified Clusters Using Constituent Variables	112
	4.3.2. Description of the Clusters Using Descriptive Variables	114
	4.3.3. Determinants of the Contact Sequence and Cluster Membership	116
	4.3.4. Effects of the Contact Sequences and Cluster Membership	117
	4.3.5. Characterization of the Sequence Clusters	118
	4.4. Discriminatory Power of Contact Sequences	118
	5. Discussion and Conclusions	121
	References	123
	The In-Store Antecedents and Consequences of Perceived Shopping Value for Regularly Purchased Products	126
	1. Introduction	127
	2. Literature Review and Hypotheses	128
	2.1. Utilitarian and Hedonic Shopping Value	129
	2.2. Store Image as an Antecedent of Shopping Value	130
	2.2.1. Store Image	130
	2.2.2. Relationship Between Store Image and Utilitarian Shopping Value	132
	2.2.3. Relationship Between Store Image and Hedonic Shopping Value	133
	2.3. Consequences of Shopping Value	134
	2.3.1. Customer Satisfaction and its Relationship to Perceived Shopping Value	134
	2.3.2. Store Loyalty and its Relationship to Customer Satisfaction	135
	3. Methodology	137
	3.1. Measures	137
	3.2. Sample	139
	3.3. Results	140
	4. Discussion and Implications	143
	5. Limitations and Future Research	144
	References	145
	Strategic Differentiation in the Japanese Convenience Store Business. The Example of Lawson’s Format Variation	154
	1. Introduction	155
	2 . Strategic Use of Store Formats	157
	2.1. Defining the Concept of Store Format	157
	2.2. Retailers’ Store Format Strategies and Format Variation	159
	2.3. Strategic Positioning with Store Formats	160
	2.4. Store Formats as Str