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Chemo Fog Cancer Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment

:	Robert B. Raffa, Ronald J. Tallarida
:	Ronald J. Tallarida
:	Chemo Fog Cancer Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment
:	Springer-Verlag
:	9781441963062
:	Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
:	1
:	CHF 135.30
:

:	Nichtklinische Fächer
:	English

:	216
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

Cancer patients have benefitted greatly from recent advances in the drugs, dose regimens, and combinations used to treat their primary tumor and for the treatment or prevention of spread of their disease. Due to the advances in chemotherapy and other aspects of prevention, early detection, and treatment modalities, an increasing percentage of patients are surviving the disease. For some types of cancer, the majority of patients live decades beyond their diagnosis. For this they are forever thankful and appreciative of the drugs that helped lead to this increased survival rate. But no drug is devoid of adverse effects. This also applies to chemotherapeutic agents. The acute cytotoxic effects of these agents are well known--indeed are often required for their therapeutic benefit. The chronic adverse effects are varied and in some cases less well known. With the increase in survival rates, there has emerged a new awareness of these chronic adverse effects.

ROBERT B. RAFFA, PhD, is Professor of Pharmacology and Chair of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Temple University School of Pharmacy in Philadelphia, Pennslyvania. He holds B Chem E and BS degrees in Chemical Engineering and Physiological Psychology, MS degrees in Biomedical Engineering and Toxicology, and a PhD in Pharmacology. He is the co-author or editor of several books on pharmacology and thermodynamics and over 200 articles in refereed journals, and is active in NIH-funded research, editorial, and professional society activities. Dr. Raffa became co-founder and president of the Forget-Me-Not Foundation in 2009. RONALD J. TALLAR IDA, PhD, is a Professor of Pharmacology at Temple University School of Medicine. He has BS and MS degrees in physics/mathematics from Drexel University and a PhD in pharmacology. His work, primarily concerned with quantitative aspects of pharmacology, is represented in more than 250 published works that include eight books he has authored or co-authored. Dr. Tallarida currently teaches, serves on editorial advisory boards, conducts NIH-funded research, and is active in professional societies. Dr. Tallarida became co-founder and Vice-president of the Forget-Me-Not Foundation in 2009.

	Title Page	3
	Copyright Page	4
	DEDICATION	5
	PREFACE	6
	ABOUT THE EDITORS...	8
	ABOUT THE EDITORS...	9
	PARTICIPANTS	10
	Table of Contents	12
	ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS	18
	Chapter 1. SHORT INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY	19
	Introduction and History	19
	Conclusion	26
	References	27
	Chapter 2. PATIENT S PERSPECTIVE	29
	Conclusion	30
	Chapter 3. ONCOLOGY NURSE S PERSPECTIVE	31
	Introduction: Personal Reflections of an Oncology Nurse	31
	Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment: The Oncology Nurse Perspective	32
	Oncology Nursing Research	32
	Oncology Nursing Society Research Agenda	32
	Selected Research Conducted by Oncology Nurses	33
	Oncology Nursing Education	35
	Conclusion	35
	References	35
	Chapter 4 Oncology Pharmacist s Perspective	37
	Conclusion	38
	Reference	38
	Chapter 5. THE IMPACT OF CHEMO BRAIN ON THE PATIENT WITH A HIGH GRADE GLIOMA	39
	Background	39
	Brain Cancer	40
	Impact of Chemo Brain on the Patient	41
	Impact of Chemo Brain on the Family	42
	Impact of Chemo Brain on Society	42
	Conclusion	43
	Bibliography	43
	Chapter 6. NEUROCOGNITIVE EFFECTS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER TREATMENT	44
	Background	44
	Identified Risk Factors	45
	Treatment of Childhood Leukemia: Past and Present	46
	Treatment of Childhood Brain Tumors: Past and Present	46
	Neurocognitive Effects of Chemotherapy	47
	Cognitive Remediation	48
	Pharmacological Intervention: Methylphenidate	49
	Conclusion	49
	References	50
	Chapter 7. THE ECONOMIC BURDEN	51
	Epidemiology of Chemo Fog	51
	Disease Impact	52
	Economic Burden of Chemo Fog	52
	Direct Costs	53
	Indirect Costs	53
	Total Burden	54
	Conclusion	54
	References	54
	Chapter 8. DESIGNING CONCEPTUAL MODEL-BASED RESEARCH IN CHEMOTHERAPY-RELATED CHANGES IN COGNITIVE FUNCTION	55
	Understanding the Issue	55
	Defining the Problem	55
	Terminology	58
	Conceptual Models	59
	Designing Research Trials	61
	Study Design	64
	Experimental and Non-Experimental Designs	67
	Phases of Research	69
	Outcomes Assessment	71
	Conclusion	71
	References	71
	Chapter 9. NEUROPSYCHOLOGIC TESTING FOR CHEMOTHERAPY-RELATED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT	73
	Introduction	73
	Neuropsychologic Test Overview	73
	Issues Related to Neurocognitive Testing for CRCI	76
	Conclusion	85
	References	86
	Chapter 10. IMAGING AS A MEANS OF STUDYING CHEMOTHERAPY-RELATED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT	88
	Introduction	88
	Electrophysiological Studies	88
	Neuroimaging Studies	89
	Conclusion	91
	References	93
	Chapter 11. CHEMOTHERAPY ASSOCIATED CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DAMAGE	95
	Introduction	95
	Stem Cells, Progenitor Cells and Lineage Systems within the Central Nervous System	96
	Cell-Biological Analysis of Chemotherapy Associated Brain Damage	97
	Conclusion	100
	References	100
	Chapter 12. IS SYSTEMIC ANTI-CANCER THERAPY NEUROTOXIC? DOES CHEMO BRAIN EXIST? AND SHOULD WE RENAME IT?	104
	Introduction	104
	Towards a Better Definition of Chemo Brain	105
	Self-Reported Cognitive Problems	105
	Objective Cognitive Impairment and Its Duration	105
	Objective Cognitive Impairment	105
	Duration of Symptoms and Clinical Signs	105
	Towards a Better Understanding of Chemo Brain	106
	Can Chemo Brain Occur without Chemotherapy?	106
	Before Chemotherapy	106
	Role of Hormonal Therapy (HT)	106
	Understanding Chemo Brain through Its Physiopathology and Preclinical Studies	107
	Understanding Chemo Brain through ElectrophysiologicalTechniques and Imaging	109
	Does Chemo Brain Exist?	110
	A New Name for a New Concept	110
	New Techniques Bringing an Evolving Concept	110
	New Markers and Future Directions	110
	Conclusion	110
	References	111
	Chapter 13. EVALUATION OF MULTIPLE NEUROTOXIC OUTCOMES IN CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY	114
	Introduction	114
	Two Contrasting Views of Neurotoxicity	116
	Dimensions of Neurotoxicity	117
	Lessons Learned from Studies of Cognitive Dysfunction	117
	Cognitive Function Approaches	118
	Sensory Function	120
	Vision	120
	Hearing	121
	Somatosensory Function	122
	Olfactory Discrimination	123
	Motor Function	123
	Animal Models	123
	Purpose of Animal Models	123
	Procedures	124
	Choice of Doses	124
	Choice of Endpoints	125
	Schedule-Controlled Operant Behavior	125
	Alternative Approaches	128
	Conclusion	128
	Acknowledgements	128
	References	128
	Chapter 14. CHEMOTHERAPY-RELATED VISUAL SYSTEM TOXICITY