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Post-Transcriptional Regulation by STAR Proteins Control of RNA Metabolism in Development and Disease

:	Talila Volk, Karen Artzt
:	Talila Volk, Karen Artzt
:	Post-Transcriptional Regulation by STAR Proteins Control of RNA Metabolism in Development and Disease
:	Springer-Verlag
:	9781441970053
:	Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
:	1
:	CHF 193.20
:

:	Pharmazie
:	English

:	162
:	Wasserzeichen
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

This book examines the available information on the structure of the RNA binding STAR domain and provides insights into how these proteins discriminate between different RNA targets. It reviews what is known about STAR proteins and human disease.

Talila Volk is an associate professor in the field of Developmental Biology and the incumbent of the Sir Ernest B. Chain Professional Chair. Her major research interest is in tissue morphogenesis and organogenesis during embryonic development. She has been studying the function and activity of the STAR family member Held Out Wing (HOW) in the fruit fly Drosophila since 1999. She served as the chair for the Society of Developmental Biology in Israel (ISDB). Dr. Volk has gained her BSc from Tel-Aviv University, and her MSc and PhD degrees from the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. Karen Artzt is an Ashbel Smith Professor Emeritus at the University of Texas at Austin where she directed a research laboratory for 20 years. There she was a member of the Section of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology. Prior to that she was an associate Member of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York. Her main research interests include developmental genetics with an emphasis on cancer biology. In collaboration with Tom Ebersole she identified and cloned the mouse gene quaking that was one of the founding members of the STAR family. Dr. Artzt received her academic degrees from Cornell university; a BA from the Ithaca campus and a PhD from the Medical College School of Graduate Sciences in New York City. In 1972 she spent a year as a postdoctoral fellow at the Pasteur Institute in Paris under the direction of the Nobel Prize winner, Francois Jacob.

	Title Page	3
	Copyright Page	4
	DEDICATIONS	5
	PREFACE	6
	ABOUT THE EDITORS...	7
	ABOUT THE EDITORS...	8
	PARTICIPANTS	9
	Table of Contents	11
	CHAPTER 1. STAR TREK AN INTRODUCTION TO STAR FAMILY PROTEINS AND REVIEW OF QUAKING (QKI)	15
	History of the STAR Family	15
	The Domain Structure and Alternate Splicing of STAR Proteins	18
	STAR Proteins Have a Multitude of Developmental Functions	19
	Diverse Molecular Functions of STAR Proteins in RNA Processing	19
	Qk Expression in the Adult Nervous System and Disease	20
	Qk 3' UTR Conservation and a High Theoretical Number of miRNA Binding Sites	22
	Discussion and Conclusion	25
	Future Applications, New Research, Anticipated Developments	35
	REFERENCES	35
	CHAPTER 2. THE STAR FAMILY MEMBER QKI AND CELL SIGNALING	39
	Introduction	39
	QKI Is Essential for Embryonic and Postnatal Development	40
	Phosphorylation of QKI Isoforms by Src-PTKS Regulates the Cellular Fate of QKI mRNA Targets at Multiple Post-Transcriptional Steps	41
	Numerous Extracellular Signals Can Be Linked to the Src-PTK-QKI Pathway	44
	Potential Role of QKI And Src-PTK Signaling in Tumorigenesis and Cognitive Diseases	46
	Conclusion	47
	REFERENCES	48
	CHAPTER 3. INSIGHTS INTO THE STRUCTURAL BASIS OF RNA RECOGNITION BY STAR DOMAIN PROTEINS	51
	Introduction	51
	The STAR Domain	53
	RNA Recognition by STAR Proteins	53
	Recognition of RNA by GLD-1	54
	Recognition of RNA by QKI	54
	RNA Recognition by Other STAR Domain Proteins	56
	Star Domain Structure	57
	The NMR Structure of SF1 Bound to RNA	57
	Overview of the Structure	57
	Recognition of RNA by SF1	59
	The NMR Structure of the KH and QUA2 Regions of QKI	61
	Conservation of RNA Contact Residues between SF1 and STAR Proteins	62
	Conclusion	64
	Note Added in Proof	64
	REFERENCES	65
	CHAPTER 4. POST-TRANSLATIONAL REGULATION OF STAR PROTEINS AND EFFECTS ON THEIR BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS	68
	Introduction	69
	Sam68: A Brief Overview	69
	Regulation of Sam68 Functions by Tyrosine Phosphorylation	71
	Regulation of Sam68 Functions by Serine/Threonine Phosphorylation	73
	Regulation of Sam68 Functions by Methylation	74
	Regulation of Sam68 Functions by Acetylation and Sumoylation	75
	POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS OF SLM-1 AND SLM-2	75
	POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS OF THE QKI PROTEINS	76
	POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS OF SF1	77
	Conclusion	77
	REFERENCES	78
	CHAPTER 5. EXPRESSION AND FUNCTIONS OF THE STAR PROTEINS Sam68 AND T-STAR	78
	81	78
	Gene Expression Control in Spermatogenesis	81
	Expression of STAR Proteins during Spermatogenesis	84
	PROTEIN STRUCTURE AND MODIFICATIONS	84
	MOUSE KNOCKOUT MODELS DEFINE THE ROLES OF STAR PROTEINS	84
	90	84
	The STAR Protein Sam68 Is Involved in Translational Control in Spermatogenesis	90
	STAR Proteins Might Play Roles in Pre-mRNA Splicing Control in Spermatogenesis	91
	Other Potential Roles of STAR Proteins in Spermatogenesis	92
	Conclusion	92
	REFERENCES	93
	CHAPTER 6. THE ROLE OF QUAKING IN MAMMALIAN EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT	96
	Introduction	97
	Quaking Is Required for the Formation of Embryonic Vasculature	98
	QKI5 Regulates QKI6 and QKI7 in Visceral Endoderm	98
	Molecular Basis of Blood Vessel Formation	99
	Quaking Is Required fo