ebook ebooks e-book e-books downloaden bei MyEbooks.ch downloaden

Cured II - LENT Cancer Survivorship Research And Education Late Effects on Normal Tissues

:	Philip Rubin, Louis S. Constine, Lawrence B. Marks
:	Philip Rubin, Louis S. Constine, Lawrence B. Marks, Paul Okunieff
:	Cured II - LENT Cancer Survivorship Research And Education Late Effects on Normal Tissues
:	Springer-Verlag
:	9783540762713
:	1
:	CHF 86.10
:

:	Klinische Fächer
:	English

:	180
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

Multimodal treatment lies at the heart of the improvement in cancer cure rates. However, the more aggressive the treatment, the more adverse effects in normal tissues can be anticipated. Against this background, a major paradigm shift has taken place in that there is a new focus on cancer survivorship and quality of life: the life worth saving must be worth living. This volume is based on the CURED II conference held in May 2007, which was attended by scientists from many leading institutions. The volume comprises 18 chapters by leading experts who address a variety of important topics relating to late treatment effects, such as mechanisms and evolution of injury, risk factors, the role of screening, options for interventions, second malignancies, and prevention. It is hoped that it will assist the reader in understanding how to prevent and treat the long-term side-effects of irradiation, thus improving the quality of life of long-term survivors of cancer.

	Dedications	5
	Foreword	7
	Introduction	8
	Table of Contents	10
	1 CONCURED: Defining the Leading Edge in Research of Adverse Eff ects of Treatment for Adult-Onset Cancers	12
	1.1 Introduction	12
	1.2 Research Infrastructure for Studies of Cancer Survivorship	12
	1.3 A Platform for Studies of Gene–Environment Interactions	14
	1.4 Development of Epidemiologic Methods and Predictive Models	14
	1.5 Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines	14
	1.6 A Trans-disciplinary Approach	15
	Comment	15
	Acknowledgement	16
	References	16
	2 Bioimaging In Vivo to Discern the Evolution of Late Eff ects Temporally and Spatially	18
	2.1 Introduction	18
	2.2 Lung Injury	19
	2.3 Heart Injury	21
	2.3.1 SPECT	22
	2.3.2 MRI	22
	2.3.3 Cardiac PET	22
	2.4 Liver Injury	24
	2.4.1 CT Perfusion Studies	24
	2.4.2 MRI	24
	2.5 Brain Injury	25
	2.5.1 SPECT	25
	2.5.2 PET	25
	2.5.3 MRI	27
	2.5.4 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy	27
	2.5.5 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging	28
	2.6 Parotid Gland Injury	28
	2.6.1 SPECT and PET	28
	2.6.2 MRI	28
	2.7 Conclusions	28
	Acknowledgements	28
	References	30
	3 Association Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Susceptibility for the Development of Adverse Eff ects Resulting from Radiation Therapy	35
	3.1 Summary	35
	3.2 Introduction	35
	3.3 Predictive Assays	36
	3.4 Candidate Gene Studies	37
	3.5 Genome Wide SNP Association Studies	37
	3.6 Conclusion	40
	Acknowledgements	40
	References	40
	4 Prospective Second-Cancer Risk Estimation for Contemporary Radiotherapeutic Protocols	43
	4.1 Introduction: Radiotherapy-Related Second-Cancer Risks	43
	4.2 The Potential Signifificance of Altered Normal-Tissue Dose Distributions: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy and Second-Cancer Risks	44
	4.3 Mechanisms of Radiation-Induced Cancer at Radiotherapeutic Doses	44
	4.3.1 The Standard Model	44
	4.3.2 A More Realistic Model	45
	4.4 An Application: Prospective Estimation of Radiotherapy-Induced Second-Cancer Risks	46
	4.5 Future Directions	46
	Acknowledgments	48
	References	48
	5 Bioengineering in the Repair of Irradiated Normal Tissue by Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Populations	51
	5.1 Introduction	51
	5.1.1 The New Paradigm for Understanding IonizingIrradiation Tissue Damage	51
	5.1.2 General Concepts of Bioengineering for Tissue Repair	52
	5.2 Bone Marrow Origin of Stem Cells for Epithelial Tissues	53
	5.2.1 Repopulation of Recipient Target Organs with Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Progenitors: A Double Edged Sword	55
	5.2.2 Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cells in Bioengineering Repair of Irradiated Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Mucosa	55
	5.2.3 Bioengineering for Repair of Irradiation Damage in the Esophagus Using Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Progenitors	56
	5.2.4 Bioengineering of Irradiation Damaged Lung Through Use of Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Progenitors	58
	5.3 Summary	60
	References	60
	6 Development of a Queriable Database for Oncology Outcome Analysis	65
	6.1 Introduction	65
	6.2 Efforts to Date	66
	6.2.1 Quality Assurance Review Center	66
	6.2.2 Database Function	67
	6.2.3 Advanced Technology Consortium	70
	6.2.4 American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN)	70
	6.2.5 Virtual Imaging Evaluation Workspace (VIEW)	71
	6.2.6 CaBIG	71
	6.3 Future Strategies for Cancer Clinical Trials	73
	References	75
	7 Post-Radiation Dysphagia	77
	7.1 Evaluation of the Swallowing Mechanism	78
	7.1.1 Objective Evaluation: Instrumental Assessment	78
	7.1.2 Objective Evaluation: Observer-Assessed	78
	7.1.3 Subjective Evaluation: Patient-Reported Quality of Life	78
	7.2 Baseline Swallowing Function in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer	78
	7.3 Swallowing Disorders Induced by Radiation Alone	79
	7.4 Surgery and Radiation-Induced Swallowing Dysfunctions	80
	7.5 Chemoradiation-Induced Swallowing Dysfunctions	80
	7.6 Organ at Risk and the Dose–Volume–Effect Relationship	81
	7.7 Preventive Intervention to Reduce Swallowing Disorders	83
	7.8 Radiation Modulation	83
	7.9 Oral Feeding vs Feeding Tube	84
	7.10 Cytoprotectors	84
	7.11 Oropharyngeal Exercises	84
	7.12 Therapeutic Intervention to Improve Swallowing Disorders	84
	7.13 Therapy Procedures	85
	7.14 Summary	85
	References	86
	8 Lithium as a Diff erential Neuroprotector During Brain Irradiation	90
	8.1 Introduction	90
	8.2 Neurotoxicity from Brain Radiotherapy	91
	8.2.1 Acute Complications	91
	8.2.2 Early-Delayed Complications	91
	8.2.3 Delayed Complications	91
	8.2.3.1 Neurocognitive Effects	92
	8.2.3.1.1 Cognitive Dysfunction/Leukoencephalopathy	92
	8.2.3.1.2 Radiation-Induced Dementia	92
	8.2.3.1.3 Mild or Moderate Neuropsychological Impairment	93
	8.2.3.2 Radiation Necrosis	93
	8.2.3.3 Other Adverse Consequences	93
	8.3 Mechanisms of Brain Injury	93
	8.4 Potential Neuroprotectors	94
	8.5 Mechanisms of Lithium-Mediated NeuroprotectionAgainst Radiation-Induced Apoptosis	94
	8.6 Future Directions	97
	8.6.1 Clinical Phase I Trial of Lithium	97
	8.6.2 Po