ebook ebooks e-book e-books downloaden bei MyEbooks.ch downloaden

Private Military and Security Companies Chances, Problems, Pitfalls and Prospects

:	Thomas Jäger, Gerhard Kümmel
:	Private Military and Security Companies Chances, Problems, Pitfalls and Prospects
:	VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften (GWV)
:	9783531903132
:	1
:	CHF 47.40
:

:	Politikwissenschaft
:	English

:	494
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

Private Sicherheits- und Militärunternehmen erleben seit den 1990er Jahren einen außerordentlichen Boom und sind derzeit eines der spannendsten Phänomene in den internationalen Beziehungen. Die Palette der von ihnen angebotenen Dienstleistungen ist groß. Sie reichen von logistischer Unterstützung über Aufklärung bis hin zu Kampfeinsätzen. Zu ihren Kunden zählen Regierungen, Wirtschaftsunternehmen, internationale Organisationen, NGOs, humanitäre Organisationen sowie Privatpersonen. Gegenwärtig lässt sich an den Auseinandersetzungen im Irak sowohl die Aktualität wie auch die Brisanz ihres Einsatzes illustrieren, gibt es doch Anzeichen dafür, dass Beschäftigte solcher Unternehmen u.a. in die Folterung von Gefangenen verwickelt sind. Die Beiträge des Sammelbandes aus der Feder nationaler wie internationaler Expertinnen und Experten beschreiben und analysieren verschiedene Typen von privaten Sicherheits- und Militärunternehmens, ihre Dienstleistungen und die Umstände, die ihren Boom befördert haben. Sie diskutieren die Vor- wie auch die Nachteile ihres Einsatzes und beschreiben Instrumente, die die Tätigkeit dieser Unternehmen stärker reglementieren und kontrollieren könnten.

Prof. Dr. Thomas Jäger teaches Political Science, especially International Relations and Foreign Policy, at the University of Cologne (Germany).
Dr. Gerhard Kümmel is Senior Researcher at the Bundeswehr Institute of Social Sciences (SOWI) in Strausberg/Berlin (Germany), Vice-President of the Research Committee 01: Armed Forces& Conflict Resolution within the International Sociological Association, Associate Editor of 'Armed Forces& Society' and teaches Military Sociology at the University of Potsdam (Germany).

	Table of Contents	5
	Preface of the Editors	9
	I History and Development	10
	Overseas Trade in Early Modernity and the Emergence of Embryonic Private Military Companies	10
	1 Introduction	10
	2 Long- Distance Trade in Early Modernity	11
	3 Monopoly Rights and the Private Use of Force	14
	4 The Trading Companies as Early Multinationals and Their Forces as Embryonic PMCs	16
	5 Conclusion	21
	Does History Repeat Itself? A Comparative Analysis of Private Military Entities	22
	1 Introduction	22
	2 Historical Context	23
	3 The English East India Company	24
	4 Dutch East India Company	25
	5 The Mozambique Company	27
	6 Current Context	28
	7 DynCorp	29
	8 L-3 Communications/ MPRI/ Titan	30
	9 ArmorGroup	31
	10 Assumption: Differences and Continuities	32
	The Privatization of Military Affairs: A Historical Look into the Evolution of the Private Military Industry	35
	1 Introduction	35
	2 The Rise of the State and Military Organization -A Review of Theoretical Concepts	35
	3 What is a Private Military Firm?	39
	4 The Post- Cold War Rise of PMFs and Their Expanding Role	41
	5 Post- 9/11, the Revolution in Military Affairs, and the Promise of PMFs	44
	6 Can PMFs Benefit the United States?	46
	7 Conclusion	50
	The Private Military Company: An Entity at the Center of Overlapping Spheres of Commercial Activity and Responsibility	52
	1 Introduction	52
	2 The PMC Service Spectrum	53
	3 Defining the Private Military Company	57
	4 The PMC and the Security Sector	59
	5 The PMC and the Outsourcing Business	61
	6 Conclusion	65
	Soldiers of Misfortune: Is the Demise of National Armed Forces a Core Contributing Factor in the Rise of Private Security Companies?	66
	1 Introduction	66
	2 Receding State Power	66
	3 The Changing Status and Role of the Military	69
	4 Civilianization	73
	5 The Rules of Engagement Trap	78
	6 Operational Realities	80
	7 Discussion and Conclusion	82
	Private Security Companies: Agents of Democracy or Simply Mercenaries?	83
	1 Introduction	83
	2 How the Civil War in Yemen Sowed the Seed for Watchguard International, the First Modern PSC	84
	3 The Period of Transition Begins: PSCs Emerge as Actors in International Security	87
	4 A Resurgence in Mercenary Activity or Supporting Democratic Change after the Cold War?	90
	5 Renewed Interest in PSCs after the Sandline Affair	94
	6 PSCs as Actors in Strategic Complexes	96
	7 Conclusion	99
	II Case Studies	101
	Searching for Resources, Offering Security ... Private Military Companies in Sierra Leone	101
	1 Introduction	101
	2 The Conflict	102
	3 Gurkha Security Guards	103
	4 Executive Outcomes	104
	5 Struggle for Power	105
	6 Sandline International	107
	7 The Sandline Affair	108
	8 The Return of President Kabbah	109
	9 The Conglomerate of PMCs and Mining Companies	110
	10 Conclusion: Security for Resources?	114
	Contracting in the Fog of War ... Private Security Providers in Iraq: A Principal- Agent Analysis	117
	1 Introduction	117
	2 Theoretical Framework	117
	3 Iraq	120
	4 Application of the Theory	125
	5 Conclusion	130
	Privatization of Maritime Security in Southeast Asia	131
	1 Introduction	131
	2 Risks and Threats: The Maritime Environment	131
	3 Companies and Services	135
	4 Why Private Security?	138
	5 Impact	139
	6 Problems and Controversies	141
	7 Conclusion	143
	No Contractors on the Battlefield: The Dutch Military's Reluctance to Outsource	145
	1 Introduction	145
	2 Private Military Forces in Dutch History	146
	3 Present Day Outsourcing Policy in the Netherlands	149
	4 Criteria to Employ Private Military Companies	153
	5 The Present Political Willingness to Outsource	155