| Preface | 6 |
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| Contents | 8 |
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| List of Contributors | 11 |
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| Part I Microelectronics | 17 |
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| Numerical Simulation of Multiscale Models for Radio Frequency Circuits in the Time Domain | 18 |
| 1 Introduction | 18 |
| 1.1 RF Transceiver Blocks | 19 |
| 1.2 New Mathematics for Simulating Transceivers | 21 |
| Numerical Simulation of High-Frequency Circuits in Telecommunication | 23 |
| 1 Introduction | 23 |
| 2 The Re.ned Circuit Model | 24 |
| 3 Perturbation and Index Analysis | 26 |
| 4 Numerical Simulation | 28 |
| 4.1 The Software MECS | 29 |
| 4.2 Flip Flop Circuitry | 29 |
| 4.3 Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) | 30 |
| References | 31 |
| Wavelet-Collocation of Multirate PDAEs for the Simulation of Radio Frequency Circuits | 33 |
| 1 Motivation | 33 |
| 2 Multivariate Signal Model | 33 |
| 2.1 Multivariate Model for AM Signals | 33 |
| 2.2 MPDAE Model | 34 |
| 2.3 Characteristic System | 35 |
| 3 Wavelet-Collocation | 36 |
| 3.1 Method of Characteristics | 36 |
| 3.2 Wavelet-Based Grid Generation | 37 |
| 3.3 Wavelet-Based Collocation | 39 |
| 4 Simulation Results | 40 |
| 5 Conclusions | 42 |
| References | 42 |
| Numerical Simulation of Thermal E.ects in Coupled Optoelectronic Device-Circuit Systems | 43 |
| 1 Introduction | 43 |
| 2 Modeling | 44 |
| 3 Numerical Simulations | 47 |
| 4 Conclusion | 51 |
| References | 51 |
| Effcient Transient Noise Analysis in Circuit Simulation | 53 |
| 1 Transient Noise Analysis in Circuit Simulation | 53 |
| 2 Adaptive Numerical Methods | 55 |
| 3 Local Error Estimates | 56 |
| 4 A Solution Path Tree Algorithm | 57 |
| 5 Numerical Results | 58 |
| 6 Conclusions | 62 |
| References | 62 |
| Part II Thin Films | 64 |
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| Numerical Methods for the Simulation of Epitaxial Growth and Their Application in the Study of a Meander Instability | 65 |
| 1 Epitaxial Growth | 65 |
| 1.1 Introduction | 65 |
| 1.2 Step Meandering Instability | 67 |
| 1.3 Step Flow Model | 67 |
| 2 Modeling and Numerical Methods | 69 |
| 2.1 Front Tracking Method | 69 |
| 2.2 Diffuse Interface Approximation | 72 |
| 3 Results | 78 |
| 3.1 Front Tracking | 78 |
| 3.2 Diffuse-Interface-Approximation | 81 |
| References | 84 |
| Micro Structures in Thin Coating Layers: Micro Structure Evolution and Macroscopic Contact Angle | 86 |
| 1 Introduction | 86 |
| 2 Modeling and Simulation of the Micro Structure Formation in Thin Coatings | 88 |
| 2.1 Modeling Thin Coatings as a Gradient Flow | 88 |
| 2.2 Natural Time Discretization | 92 |
| 2.3 Space Discretization for the Gradient Flow | 94 |
| 2.4 Evolution of Thin Coatings with Solvent Evaporation | 95 |
| 2.5 Numerical Results | 96 |
| 3 Micro Structured Coatings and E.ective Macroscopic Contact Angle | 97 |
| 3.1 Computing the E.ective Contact Angle | 101 |
| 3.2 A New Model for Contact Angle Hysteresis | 103 |
| References | 107 |
| Part III Biochemical Reactions and Transport | 109 |
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| Modeling and Simulation of Hairy Root Growth | 110 |
| 1 Introduction | 110 |
| 2 Biological Processes | 111 |
| 3 Macroscopic Model | 112 |
| 4 Microscopic Model | 114 |
| 5 Application of the Macroscopic Model | 119 |
| 6 Conclusion | 122 |
| References | 123 |
| Simulation and Optimization of Bio-Chemical Microreactors | 125 |
| 1 Description of the Project | 125 |
| 2 The Solution Approach | 127 |
| 3 Numerical Results | 130 |
| 4 Conclusion and Outlook | 133 |
| References | 135 |
| Part IV Computeraided Medicine | 136 |
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| Modeling and Optimization of Correction Measures for Human Extremities | 137 |
| 1 Introduction | 137 |
| 2 Medical Treatment of Deformities | 138 |
| 3 Basic Geometric Problems in Operation Planning | 140 |
| 4 Mathematical Treatment | 142 |
| 5 Software | 150 |
| Acknowledgements | 151 |
| References | 151 |
| Image Segmentation for the Investigation of Scattered-Light Images when Laser-Optically Diagnosing Rheumatoid Arthritis | 155 |
| 1 Introduction | 155 |
| 2 Optical Imaging | 157 |
| 3 Mathematical Algorithms for Image Segmentation | 159 |
| 4 Simulation Results | 163 |
| References | 166 |
| Part V Transport, Traffic Energy | 168 |
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| Dynamic Routing of Automated Guided Vehicles in Real-Time | 169 |
| 1 Introduction | 169 |
| 2 The Model | 171 |
| 3 The Algorithm | 174 |
| 4 Additional Practical Requirements | 178 |
| 5 Computational Results | 179 |
| References | 180 |
| Optimization of Signalized Tra.c Networks | 182 |
| 1 Introduction | 182 |
| 2 Our Approach | 183 |
| 3 Application of the Model | 188 |
| 4 Conclusion | 190 |
| References | 191 |
| Optimal Sorting of Rolling Stock at Hump Yards | 192 |
| 1 Practical Problem Description | 192 |
| 2 Sequence Versions o
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