: Serge P. Hoogendoorn, Stefan Luding, Piet H. L. Bovy
: Serge P. Hoogendoorn, Stefan Luding, Piet H.L. Bovy, Michael Schreckenberg, Dietrich Wolf
: Traffic and Granular Flow ' 03
: Springer-Verlag
: 9783540280910
: 1
: CHF 193.40
:
: Sonstiges
: English
: 602
: Wasserzeichen
: PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
: PDF
These proceedings are the fifth in the series Traffic and Granular Flow, and we hope they will be as useful a reference as their predecessors. Both the realistic modelling of granular media and traffic flow present important challenges at the borderline between physics and engineering, and enormous progress has been made since 1995, when this series started. Still the research on these topics is thriving, so that this book again contains many new results. Some highlights addressed at this conference were the influence of long range electric and magnetic forces and ambient fluids on granular media, new precise traffic measurements, and experiments on the complex decision making of drivers. No doubt the 'hot topics' addressed in granular matter research have diverged from those in traffic since the days when the obvious analogies between traffic jams on highways and dissipative clustering in granular flow intrigued both c- munities alike. However, now just this diversity became a stimulating feature of the conference. Many of us feel that our joint interest in complex systems, where many simple agents, be it vehicles or particles, give rise to surprising and fascin- ing phenomena, is ample justification for bringing these communities together: Traffic and Granular Flow has fostered cooperation and friendship across the scientific disciplines.
Opening Speech5
Preface8
Contents9
Empirical Traffic Data13
Lane-Change Maneuvers Consuming Freeway Capacity14
Empirical Description of Car-Following26
Optimization Potential of a Highway Network: An Empirical Study39
Observation, Theory and Experiment for Freeway Traffic as Physics of Many- Body System55
Fluctuation in Expressway Traffic Flow69
Calibration and Validation of Microscopic Traffic Flow Models76
Real Highway Traffic Simulations Based on a Cellular Automata Model82
Traffic Data Collection and Study with the BirdEye System88
Traffic Models and Theory94
Probabilistic Traffic Flow Breakdown in Stochastic Car Following Models95
A Wave-Based Resolution Scheme for the Hydrodynamic LWR Traffic Flow Model112
Various Scales for Traffic Flow Representation: Some Reflections132
Comparison of Congested Pattern Features at Different Freeway Bottlenecks147
Congestion Due to Merging Roads: Predictions of Three- Phase Traffic Theory167
Production, Supply, and Traffic Systems: A Unified Description179
Capacity Funnel Explained Using the Human- Kinetic Traffic Flow Model195
A Comparison of a Cellular Automaton and a Macroscopic Model204
Stochastic Description of Traffic Breakdown: Langevin Approach210
Towards Noised-Induced Phase Transitions in Systems of Elements with Motivated Behavior216
Using the Road Traffic Simulation “SUMO” for Educational Purposes222
Approximating Traffic Flow by a Schrödinger Equation - Introduction of Non- Reflecting Boundary Conditions228
Modeling and Managing Traffic Flow Through Hyperbolic Conservation Laws234
Conservation Versus Balance Laws in Traffic Flow240
Introducing the Effects of Slow Vehicles in a LWR Two- Flow Traffic Model246
Bifurcation Analysis of Meta-Stability and Waves of the OV Model252
Pinch Effect in a Cellular Automaton (CA) Model for Traffic Flow258
Traffic Networks and Driver’s Behaviour264
Intersection Modeling, Application to Macroscopic Network Traffic Flow Models and Traffic Management265
Granular Transport Policy283
Minority Game - Experiments and Simulations309
Experimental Investigation of a Two Route Scenario with Construction Areas320
Phase Diagrams of an Internet Model with Multi- Allocation of Sites328
Adaptive Traffic Light Control in the ChSch Model for City Traffic334
Vehicle Flow and Phase Transitions in Traffic Networks340
Pedestrian Dynamics343
Anomalous Fundamental Diagrams in Traffic on Ant Trails344
Models for Crowd Movement and Egress Simulation358
Self-Organization in Pedestrian Flow374
A Comparison of Video and Infrared Based Tracking of Pedestrian Movements384
Statistical Analysis of the Panic in the Pedestrian Flow393
Group Formation of Organisms in 2- Dimensional OV Model399
Simulations of Evacuation by an Extended Floor Field CA Model405
Pedestrian Pulse Dispersion in an Underground Station411
Population and Distance Criteria for Pedestrian Decisions416
Simulation of the Evacuation of a Football Stadium Using the CA Model PedGo421
Granular427
Statistical Properties of Dense Granular Matter428
Small Scale Modelling of Large Granular Systems in a Centrifuge442
Weakly Frictional Granular Gases456
The Physics of Overcharging471
Computer Simulations of Magnetic Grains485
Simulation of Particle Transport and Structure Formation by Deposition498
Experiment and Simulation of Electrospray Particle- Flows for Controlled Release of Drugs508
The Branly Effect and Contacting Grains in a Packing516
Universal Wide Shear Zones in Granular Bulk Flow520
Numerical Stress Response Functions of Static Granular Layers526
Granular Segregation in Hydraulic Ripples532
Grain Motion Under Air Flow538
Bubble and Granular Flows : Differences and Similarities547
The Global Property of the Dilute-to-Dense Transition of Granular Flows in a 2D Channel552
From Granular Flux Model to Traffic Flow Description561
Simple Models for Compartmentalized Sand570
Several Numerical Approaches of Granular Flows Applied to Inclined Plane Studies576
A Modified Tetris Model Including the Effect of Friction582
An Aspect of Granulence in View of Multifractal Analysis588