| Foreword | 6 |
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| Acknowledgements | 7 |
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| Table of Contents | 8 |
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| List of Figures | 12 |
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| List of Tables | 15 |
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| List of Abbreviations | 16 |
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| 1 Introduction | 17 |
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| 1.1 Motivation and Problem Statement | 17 |
| 1.2 Research Objective and Research Question | 23 |
| 1.3 Research Epistemology and Methodology | 25 |
| 1.4 Expected Results and Contribution | 32 |
| 1.5 Structure of the Study | 33 |
| 2 Grounding in the Literature: Innovativeness of Regions and Firms | 35 |
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| 2.1 Defining Innovativeness and Technology Clusters | 35 |
| 2.1.1 Defining Innovativeness | 35 |
| 2.1.2 Defining Technology Clusters | 35 |
| 2.2 Regional Innovativeness: Structural and Socio-Cultural Elements as Driving Forces | 40 |
| 2.2.1 The Cluster Concept and its Driving Forces of Innovativeness | 40 |
| 2.2.2 The Concept of Regional Innovation Systems and its Driving Forces of Innovativeness | 42 |
| 2.2.3 The Concept of Innovative Milieux and their Driving Forces of Innovativeness | 43 |
| 2.2.4 The Concept of Regional Networks and their Driving Forces of Innovativeness | 46 |
| 2.3 The Concept of Dynamic Capabilities: A Comprehensive View on Structural and Socio-Economic Drivers of Firm Innovativeness | 47 |
| 2.3.1 A Dynamic Capability Model of Firm Innovativeness: The Role of the Context, Assets, Routines, Dynamic Capabilities and Inn | 47 |
| 2.3.2 Characterizing Dynamic Capabilities | 52 |
| 2.3.3 Defining and Operationalizing Dynamic Capabilities | 53 |
| 3 Clusters and Innovation Capabilities: Deriving and Operationalizing a Priori Constructs | 58 |
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| 3.1 Deriving Constructs Required for Understanding Cluster Innovation Capabilities | 58 |
| 3.2 Capturing Existing Constructs: Context, Innovativeness and Performance | 58 |
| 3.2.1 Specifying and Operationalizing Cluster Context | 58 |
| 3.2.2 Specifying and Operationalizing Cluster Innovativeness and Performance | 59 |
| 3.3 Deriving a Priori Constructs from the Literature: Assets and Cluster Innovation Capabilities | 64 |
| 3.3.1 Feasibility of Deriving the Constructs Assets and Cluster Innovation Capabilities from the Literature | 64 |
| 3.3.2 Deriving Literature-based Evidence on Assets | 66 |
| 3.3.3 Deriving Literature-based Evidence on Cluster Innovation Capabilities | 68 |
| 3.4 Operationalizing the a Priori Constructs: Assets and Innovation Capabilities | 71 |
| 3.4.1 Operationalizing Cluster Assets | 71 |
| 3.4.2 Operationalizing Cluster Innovation Capabilities | 73 |
| 3.4.2.1 Operationalization through Perceived Existence | 73 |
| 3.4.2.2 Operationalization through the Observation of Cluster Routines | 75 |
| 4 Designing a Research Effort into the Innovativeness of Regional Satellite Navigation Application Clusters | 81 |
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| 4.1 Selection of Sample | 81 |
| 4.1.1 Selection of Technological Field: GALILEO as a Satellite Navigation Technology Shock | 81 |
| 4.1.2 Market Potential introduced by GALILEO | 87 |
| 4.1.3 Selection of Clusters | 91 |
| 4.1.4 Selection of Respondents | 94 |
| 4.2 Data Collection and Analysis | 96 |
| 4.2.1 Data Collection Method | 96 |
| 4.2.2 Data Analysis | 99 |
| 5 Case Study Results | 101 |
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| 5.1 Description of the Sample | 101 |
| 5.2 Single Case Analysis | 105 |
| 5.2.1 Cluster ALPHA | 105 |
| 5.2.1.1 Cluster Context | 105 |
| 5.2.1.2 Cluster Assets | 105 |
| 5.2.1.3 Perceived Cluster Innovation Capabilities and Observation of Routines | 106 |
| 5.2.1.4 Perceived Cluster Innovativeness and Performance | 112 |
| 5.2.1.5 Perceived Cluster Strengths and W
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